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​In 1803, Luke Howard, an English naturalist, developed a cloud classification system that employed ____ words to describe clouds as they appear to a ground observer.


A) ​German
B) ​Greek
C) ​Spanish
D) ​English
E) ​Latin

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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​Fog that most often forms as warm rain falls into a cold layer of surface air is called


A) ​radiation fog.
B) ​evaporation (mixing) or frontal fog.
C) ​advection fog.
D) ​upslope fog.
E) ​giant fog.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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​If fog is forming in Denver, Colorado (located on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains) , and the wind is blowing from the east, then the fog is most likely


A) ​advection fog.
B) ​frontal fog.
C) ​upslope fog.
D) ​radiation fog.
E) ​downslope fog.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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​One positive aspect of foggy weather is a process required by fruit and nut trees that have finished growing during the summer and fall. This process, called ____________________, is the number of hours with air temperature below 7oC (45oF) before trees will begin to grow again.

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​In 1802, the French naturalist ____________________ proposed the first system for classifying clouds.

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Jean-Bapti...

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​You are sitting inside your house on a sunny afternoon. The shades are drawn and you look at the window and notice the Sun disappears for about 10 seconds. The alternate light and dark period lasts for nearly 30 minutes. The clouds passing in front of the Sun are ____________________ clouds.

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​A dim, "watery" Sun visible through a gray sheet-like cloud layer is often a good indication of ____ clouds.


A) ​stratocumulus
B) cirrostratus
C) ​cumulonimbus
D) ​altostratus
E) ​nimbostratus

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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​Contrails form due to the heating of air by aircraft engine exhaust.

A) True
B) False

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​All clouds form in rising air.

A) True
B) False

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​Which two clouds can produce precipitation?


A) ​cumulonimbus and stratocumulus
B) ​nimbostratus and altostratus
C) ​nimbostratus and cirrus
D) ​cumulonimbus and nimbostratus
E) ​cirrus and stratocumulus

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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​Abercromby's and Hildebrandsson's cloud classification system divides cloud forms into four primary cloud groups - ____________________ clouds, ____________________ clouds, and ____________________ clouds; the fourth group contains clouds showing more vertical than horizontal development.

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​high; middle; low
high; low; ...

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​Detached clouds of delicate and fibrous appearance, without shading, usually white in color and sometimes of a silky appearance are


A) ​stratus clouds.
B) ​cirrocumulus clouds.
C) ​altostratus clouds.
D) ​cirrus clouds.
E) ​cirrostratus clouds.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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​The scattering effect of dry haze produces a ____ color when viewed against a dark background and a ____ tint when viewed against a light-colored background.


A) ​yellowish; bluish
B) ​bluish; yellowish
C) ​reddish; yellowish
D) ​yellowish; reddish
E) ​whitish; silvery

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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​How can you visually distinguish between cumulus, altocumulus, and cirrocumulus clouds?

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Cirrocumulus clouds appear as small, rou...

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​Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called


A) ​hydrophobic nuclei.
B) ​nacreous nuclei.
C) ​condensation nuclei.
D) ​scud.
E) ​molecules.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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​The foggiest spot near sea level in the United States is Cape Cod, Massachusetts.

A) True
B) False

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​Condensation nuclei are important in the atmosphere because


A) ​they provide most of the minerals found in water.
B) ​they make it easier for condensation to occur in the atmosphere.
C) ​they are the sole producers of smog.
D) ​they filter out sunlight.
E) ​they provide the only means we have of tracking wind motions.

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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​What kinds of information about clouds could you hope to determine using infrared and visible satellite photographs?

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​Visible and infrared images are used to...

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​Radiation fog forms best on a


A) ​clear winter night with a slight breeze.
B) ​cloudy winter night with a strong breeze.
C) ​clear summer night with a strong breeze.
D) ​cloudy summer night with a slight breeze.
E) ​cloudy winter night with a slight breeze.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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​Suppose the sky is covered with stratus clouds. How might you determine whether middle or high clouds are also present?

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Information on cloud thickness and heigh...

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