Question 1

Which molecule or reaction supplies the energy for polymerization of nucleotides in the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)   ATP only
B)   the interaction between RNA polymerase and the promoter
C)   the phosphate bonds in the nucleotide triphosphates that serve as substrates
D)   the energy released when hydrogen bonds are broken as the DNA molecule is unwoundE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The start codon is the same for prokaryotes and eukaryotes. What is the start codon?

Accepted Answer

A)   AUG
B)   an anticodon
C)   a ribozyme
D)   GGCE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Death cap mushrooms produce a substance called - amanitin. a- amanitin efficiently blocks synthesis of mRNA, but not of tRNA or rRNA in eukaryotic organisms. How is that possible?

Accepted Answer

A)   a- amanitin efficiently interferes with RNA polymerase III, but not RNA polymerase I and II.
B)   a- amanitin efficiently interferes with the action of RNA polymerase II, but not RNA polymerase I or III.
C)   a- amanitin efficiently interferes with the action of RNA polymerase I, but not RNA polymerase II or III.
D)   a- amanitin efficiently blocks the action of one or more basic transcription factors.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Figure 17.4
-Refer to Figure 17.4. During elongation, which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

Accepted Answer

A)   P site
B)   small subunit
C)   E site
D)   A siteE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Put the following events of transcription in chronological order.
1)  Sigma binds to the promoter region.
2)  The double helix of DNA is unwound, breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary strands.
3)  Sigma binds to RNA polymerase.
4)  Sigma is released.
5)  Transcription begins.

Accepted Answer

A)   3, 2, 1, 4, 5
B)   2, 3, 4, 5, 1
C)   2, 3, 1, 4, 5
D)   3, 1, 2, 5, 4E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following occurs in prokaryotes, but not eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)   gene regulation
B)   translation in the absence of a ribosome
C)   concurrent transcription and translation
D)   post- transcriptional splicingE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

During elongation, RNA polymerase has three prominent channels, or grooves. These channels provide sites for all of the following, EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   a site for the entry of ribonucleoside triphosphates.
B)   a site for the exit of the diphosphates removed from the nucleotide triphosphates.
C)   a site for the growing RNA strand.
D)   a site for the double- stranded DNA molecule.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Genes and RNA transcripts differ in length.	ext {Genes and RNA transcripts differ in length.}Genes and RNA transcripts differ in length. 
  Figure 17.2
-Refer to Figure 17.2. The mRNA is smaller than the length of the DNA that codes for it because

Accepted Answer

A)   post- transcriptional modification removes the exons.
B)   the regulatory regions introns)  of the gene are not transcribed.
C)   post- transcriptional modification removes the introns.
D)   bases are added to the tail of the primary transcript. E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following does not play a role in the process of translation?

Accepted Answer

A)   ATP
B)   exons
C)   GTP
D)   tRNAs
E)   5' G- capF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

a- amanitin is a toxin produced by the death cap mushroom. It blocks the synthesis of mRNA. What effect would it have on health of the organism that ate death cap mushrooms?

Accepted Answer

A)   It would block DNA synthesis.
B)   It would denature existing proteins.
C)   It would tie up Mg2+ and, through this action, inhibit glycolysis.
D)   It would cause death.E) None of the above
F) A) and B) D

Question 11

What molecule is responsible for the catalytic activity in the spliceosomes that are involved in removal of introns?

Accepted Answer

A)   proteins of the spliceosome
B)   ribozymes
C)   RNA polymerase
D)   autocatalysis by intronsE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in initiation of translation?

Accepted Answer

A)   binding of tRNA carrying formyl methionine to the start codon and small ribosomal subunit
B)   recognition and binding of mRNA by the small ribosomal subunit
C)   binding of the large ribosomal subunit to the small ribosomal subunit
D)   formation of a polypeptide bondE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Post- translational modifications include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   formation of covalent bonds between cysteine residues of the amino acid site chains.
B)   removal of introns.
C)   addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoprotein.
D)   formation of hydrogen bonds among carbonyl and amino groups of the polypeptide backbone.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Eukaryotes have three nuclear RNA polymerases. The primary function of RNA polymerase II is

Accepted Answer

A)   transcription of only tRNA- coding genes.
B)   transcription of only rRNA- coding genes.
C)   transcription of both rRNA- and tRNA- coding genes.
D)   transcription of protein- coding genes.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Figure 17.1
-The enzyme complex associated with DNA in the figure is

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA polymerase.
B)   topoisomerase.
C)   helicase.
D)   DNA polymerase.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 16

There should be a strong positive correlation between the rate of protein synthesis and

Accepted Answer

A)   the size of the genome.
B)   the number of ribosomes.
C)   the size of mRNA.
D)   the quantity of DNA polymerase.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 17

A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl- tRNA synthetase that attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of the normal phenylalanine. What would the consequence of this be for the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   None of the proteins in the cell will contain phenylalanine.
B)   The ribosome will skip a codon every time a UUU is encountered.
C)   The cell will compensate for the defect by attaching phenylalanine to tRNAs with lysine- specifying anticodons.
D)   Proteins in the cell will include lysine instead of phenylalanine at amino acid positions specified by the codon UUU.
E)   The ribosome will stall whenever an abnormal lysine tRNA binds to the A site.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 18

A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is the functional mRNA, while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is _ the functional mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A)   the same size as; larger than
B)   larger than; the same size as
C)   larger than; smaller than
D)   the same size as; the same size asE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

RNA polymerase needs a subunit to initiate transcription that is not needed for transcript elongation. What is the subunit?

Accepted Answer

A)   sigma
B)   Mg2+ 
C)   rho
D)   the holoenzymeE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

David Pribnow studied the base sequences of promoters in bacteria and bacterial viruses. He found two conserved regions in these promoters the - 10 box and the - 35 box) . What is the function of these two regions of the promoter?

Accepted Answer

A)   They signal the initiation site.
B)   They separate the two DNA strands.
C)   They bind the sigma subunit that is associated with RNA polymerase.
D)   They attach the correct nucleotide triphosphate to the template DNA strand.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C) C

Exam 17: Transcription, Rna Processing, and Translation

Which molecule or reaction supplies the energy for polymerization of nucleotides in the process of transcription?

Correct Answer
verified

The start codon is the same for prokaryotes and eukaryotes. What is the start codon?

Correct Answer
verified

Death cap mushrooms produce a substance called - amanitin. a- amanitin efficiently blocks synthesis of mRNA, but not of tRNA or rRNA in eukaryotic organisms. How is that possible?

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 17.4 -Refer to Figure 17.4. During elongation, which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

Correct Answer
verified

Put the following events of transcription in chronological order. 1) Sigma binds to the promoter region. 2) The double helix of DNA is unwound, breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary strands. 3) Sigma binds to RNA polymerase. 4) Sigma is released. 5) Transcription begins.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following occurs in prokaryotes, but not eukaryotes?

Correct Answer
verified

During elongation, RNA polymerase has three prominent channels, or grooves. These channels provide sites for all of the following, EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following does not play a role in the process of translation?

Correct Answer
verified

a- amanitin is a toxin produced by the death cap mushroom. It blocks the synthesis of mRNA. What effect would it have on health of the organism that ate death cap mushrooms?

Correct Answer
verified
D

What molecule is responsible for the catalytic activity in the spliceosomes that are involved in removal of introns?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in initiation of translation?

Correct Answer
verified

Post- translational modifications include all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Eukaryotes have three nuclear RNA polymerases. The primary function of RNA polymerase II is

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 17.1 -The enzyme complex associated with DNA in the figure is

Correct Answer
verified

There should be a strong positive correlation between the rate of protein synthesis and

Correct Answer
verified
B

A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl- tRNA synthetase that attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of the normal phenylalanine. What would the consequence of this be for the cell?

Correct Answer
verified

A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is the functional mRNA, while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is _ the functional mRNA.

Correct Answer
verified

RNA polymerase needs a subunit to initiate transcription that is not needed for transcript elongation. What is the subunit?

Correct Answer
verified

David Pribnow studied the base sequences of promoters in bacteria and bacterial viruses. He found two conserved regions in these promoters the - 10 box and the - 35 box) . What is the function of these two regions of the promoter?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Exam 17: Transcription, Rna Processing, and Translation

Which molecule or reaction supplies the energy for polymerization of nucleotides in the process of transcription?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The start codon is the same for prokaryotes and eukaryotes. What is the start codon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Death cap mushrooms produce a substance called - amanitin. a- amanitin efficiently blocks synthesis of mRNA, but not of tRNA or rRNA in eukaryotic organisms. How is that possible?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 17.4 -Refer to Figure 17.4. During elongation, which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Put the following events of transcription in chronological order. 1) Sigma binds to the promoter region. 2) The double helix of DNA is unwound, breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary strands. 3) Sigma binds to RNA polymerase. 4) Sigma is released. 5) Transcription begins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following occurs in prokaryotes, but not eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During elongation, RNA polymerase has three prominent channels, or grooves. These channels provide sites for all of the following, EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genes and RNA transcripts differ in length.\text {Genes and RNA transcripts differ in length.}Genes and RNA transcripts differ in length. Figure 17.2 -Refer to Figure 17.2. The mRNA is smaller than the length of the DNA that codes for it because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not play a role in the process of translation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

a- amanitin is a toxin produced by the death cap mushroom. It blocks the synthesis of mRNA. What effect would it have on health of the organism that ate death cap mushrooms?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What molecule is responsible for the catalytic activity in the spliceosomes that are involved in removal of introns?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in initiation of translation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Post- translational modifications include all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotes have three nuclear RNA polymerases. The primary function of RNA polymerase II is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 17.1 -The enzyme complex associated with DNA in the figure is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There should be a strong positive correlation between the rate of protein synthesis and

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl- tRNA synthetase that attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of the normal phenylalanine. What would the consequence of this be for the cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is the functional mRNA, while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is _ the functional mRNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RNA polymerase needs a subunit to initiate transcription that is not needed for transcript elongation. What is the subunit?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

David Pribnow studied the base sequences of promoters in bacteria and bacterial viruses. He found two conserved regions in these promoters the - 10 box and the - 35 box) . What is the function of these two regions of the promoter?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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D

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B

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C