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BJ Radio pays all of its advertising sales representatives on a commission basis.Which of these reinforcement schedules is used?


A) Continuous
B) Fixed interval
C) Variable ratio
D) Variable interval
E) Fixed ratio

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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At a World Issues Conference,all of the participants were asked to develop responses to two hypothetical case scenarios.People naturally split themselves up into teams based on their occupations.Which of the following helps to explain why the participants acted this way?


A) Self-fulfilling prophecy
B) Bandwagon effect
C) Social identity theory
D) Projection bias
E) Needs theory

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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For experts who possess high levels of explicit and tacit knowledge,many decisions they face are:


A) nonprogrammed decisions
B) nonroutine decisions
C) programmed decisions
D) unstructured decisions
E) surface decisions

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following happens when a specific consequence follows each and every occurrence of a desired behaviour?


A) Fixed interval schedule
B) Variable ratio schedule
C) Fixed ratio schedule
D) Variable interval schedule
E) Continuous reinforcement schedule

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of these is the simplest schedule of reinforcement?


A) Variable ratio
B) Variable interval
C) Fixed ratio
D) Continuous
E) Fixed interval

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Susan always focuses on demonstrating her ability so that her co-workers think favourably of her.Susan can be said to have a(n) :


A) projection bias
B) availability bias
C) performance-prove orientation
D) self-serving bias
E) performance-avoid orientation

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Throwing good money after bad captures which of these common decision making errors?


A) Availability bias
B) Confirmation bias
C) Escalation of commitment
D) Gambler's fallacy
E) Halo effect

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Bounded rationality says we are likely to do all of the following,except?


A) Pick the alternative that maximizes value
B) Evaluate each alternative as soon as we think of it
C) Use distorted and inaccurate information during the evaluation process
D) Satisfice
E) Boil the problem down to something that is easily understood

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which contingency of reinforcement does Christine use to get students to participate in class?


A) Heuristics
B) Negative reinforcement
C) Punishment
D) Extinction
E) Positive reinforcement

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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Perception is the process of selecting,organizing,storing,and retrieving information about the environment.

A) True
B) False

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The rational decision-making model assumes that people are very rarely perfectly rational.

A) True
B) False

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The tendency for people to base their judgments on information that is easier to recall refers to the


A) availability bias
B) bandwagon effect
C) self-fulfilling prophecy
D) projection bias
E) stereotype

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which theory argues that people in organizations have the ability to learn through the observations of others?


A) Social learning theory
B) Decision making theory
C) Bounded rationality theory
D) Social identity theory
E) Attribution theory

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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A salaried pay check is an example of _______ reinforcement schedule whereas piece-rate pay is an example of _______ reinforcement schedule.


A) continuous;fixed interval
B) fixed interval;fixed ratio
C) variable ratio;variable interval
D) variable interval;fixed ratio
E) fixed ratio;continuous

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Positive reinforcement should necessarily be in the form of material rewards to be effective.

A) True
B) False

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Employees learn which two basic types of knowledge?


A) Verbal and written
B) Explicit and tacit
C) Internal and external
D) Observed and expressed
E) Individual and group

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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Social identity theory holds that people identify themselves by the groups to which they belong and perceive and judge others by their group memberships.

A) True
B) False

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Learning has a weak positive effect on commitment.

A) True
B) False

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Define social learning theory and explain the four steps of the modelling process.

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Social learning theory argues ...

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Variable interval schedule is the simplest schedule of reinforcement and happens when a specific consequence follows each and every occurrence of a desired behaviour.

A) True
B) False

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