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Shana is a female who says that she is sexually attracted to other females. Based on this information alone, we can conclude that Shana's sexual orientation is


A) either homosexual or bisexual.
B) only heterosexual.
C) only homosexual.
D) only bisexual.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Marisol explains to her best friend that she is bisexual. Marisol is discussing her


A) biological sex.
B) gender identity.
C) sexual orientation.
D) sexual activity.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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According to research, which of these people is LEAST likely to be sexually aroused by erotic photographs of women?


A) Nicole, a heterosexual woman
B) William, a heterosexual man
C) Amanda, a bisexual woman
D) Thomas, a homosexual man

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Describe two ways that biological factors contribute to sexual orientation.

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(1) Genetics: identical twins are more l...

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A male who is only attracted to other males is most likely to call himself ________, and a female who is only attracted to other females is most likely to call herself ________.


A) lesbian; gay
B) gay; lesbian
C) homosexual; bisexual
D) bisexual; homosexual

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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During puberty, a girl's ovaries begin releasing greater amounts of the sex hormone called________. By contrast, during puberty a boy's testes being releasing greater amounts of the sex hormone called ________.


A) estradiol; testosterone
B) testosterone; estradiol
C) estrogen; androgen
D) androgen; estrogen

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Colin is a four-year-old boy with a two-year-old sister. When asked, Colin is likely to


A) consistently identify himself as a boy, but inconsistently refer to his sister as a girl.
B) inconsistently identify himself as a boy, but consistently refer to his sister as a girl.
C) consistently identify himself as a boy and his sister as a girl.
D) inconsistently identify himself as a boy and also inconsistently identify his sister as a girl.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Ebony is shown a series of photos of a person who could be either male or female. When asked to say whether she thinks the person in the photos is a boy or a girl, Ebony says that the Person could be a boy or a girl because the way a person looks may not match his or her Gender. Ebony is most likely between


A) one and two years old.
B) two and three years old.
C) four and five years old.
D) six and seven years old.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Based on research on sexual arousal (Murnen & Stockton, 1997) , in order to make a movie or book more appealing and arousing to women, the writer should do which of the following?


A) use more sexually explicit descriptions and images
B) focus on male pleasure
C) refrain from any sexual imagery or descriptions
D) use more suggestive descriptions and less explicit sex acts

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Armand enjoys watching sexually explicit videos and views them often. Although this behavior is generally considered to be normal, research by Kendrick and Gutierres (1980) suggests that Armand should be aware of which of the following potential negative effects from this Behavior?


A) finding his girlfriend to be less attractive
B) loss of interest in sex
C) obsessive preoccupation with sex
D) requiring more and more stimulation to become aroused

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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As early as the 1950s, Alfred Kinsey showed that female sexual attitudes and behaviors are similar to those of men. More recent research shows that


A) men and women are equally willing to go to bed with a stranger.
B) women are more likely than men to go to bed with a stranger.
C) men are more likely than women to go to bed with a stranger.
D) neither men nor women are willing to go to bed with a stranger.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Colleen is a woman who is sexually and romantically attracted to men but not women. Her brother, Mark, is also sexually and romantically attracted to men but not women. Based on this, Colleen's sexual orientation is most likely ________ and Mark's sexual Orientation is most likely ________.


A) heterosexual; heterosexual
B) lesbian; gay
C) heterosexual; gay
D) lesbian; heterosexual

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, who experience greater levels of androgens prenatally, have a greater tendency toward being lesbian or bisexual as they become adults. This is an Example of ________ on sexual orientation.


A) the influence of genetics
B) an environmental influence
C) a reversible influence
D) the influence of hormones

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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The biological sex of an infant with two sex chromosomes is determined by the


A) total number of chromosomes the infant has.
B) presence or absence of an X chromosome.
C) 23rd chromosome, contributed by the mother.
D) 23rd chromosome, contributed by the father.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A young girl named Malala Yousafzai was brutally attacked and nearly killed for attending school and speaking out against Islamic militants opposed to education for females in her Traditionalist Pakistani culture. This is an extreme example of a girl being punished for defying


A) primary sex characteristics.
B) secondary sex characteristics.
C) gender identity.
D) gender roles.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Dr. Scarpetta has been studying how the brain processes scents. His research shows that a certain region of the hypothalamus shows greater activation in heterosexual men when they smell a T-shirt that has been worn by a woman than when they smell a T-shirt that has been worn by a man. In heterosexual women the same region of the hypothalamus shows greater activation when they smell a T-shirt that has been worn by a man than when they smell a T-shirt that has been worn by a woman. Dr. Scarpetta then discovers that the activation of that region of the hypothalamus in gay men follows the same pattern as for heterosexual women. He writes a report in which he claims to have found the region of the brain that determines sexual orientation. What are some potential criticisms of Dr. Scarpetta's conclusion?

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The association between activation of th...

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According to the fifth edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, which of the following is a recognized psychological disorder?


A) being intersex
B) having gender dysphoria
C) being transgender
D) asexuality

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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When a person experiences conflicting or ambiguous aspects of biological sex, this condition is called


A) intersex.
B) bisexuality.
C) ambisexuality.
D) homosexuality.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Hector is taking a combination of medications to treat his depression and anxiety. As a side effect of these medications, Hector has difficulty achieving and maintaining an erection. Even When he can achieve an erection, he is incapable of achieving ejaculation. However, before He started these medications he did not have these sexual problems. Based on this information, Does Hector have a sexual dysfunction?


A) No, sexual side effects of medications are not considered sexual dysfunctions.
B) Yes, he has erectile disorder.
C) Yes, he has medication-induced sexual dysfunction.
D) It is impossible to tell without more information.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Imagine that the political leaders of Japan, a traditional culture, want to encourage more girls in their culture to become business leaders and scientists. In order to achieve their goal, Japanese politicians should encourage Japanese


A) parents to keep their daughters at home to care for their siblings.
B) girls to spend most of their time with their mothers and other adult females.
C) parents to praise their daughters for participating in activities enjoyed by boys.
D) boys to tease girls for participating in activities enjoyed by boys.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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