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A perfect price-discriminating seller:


A) cannot prevent arbitrage.
B) charges a single price.
C) maximizes consumer surplus.
D) eliminates deadweight loss.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Cable television operators sell ______ access to channels.


A) tied
B) bundled
C) aggregated
D) separated

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Use the following to answer questions: Figure: Monopolist Use the following to answer questions: Figure: Monopolist   -(Figure: Monopolist)  Refer to the figure. Based on the demand curves for a monopolist's product in two different markets-Market A and Market B-if the monopolist were to charge a uniform price P<sub>U</sub> between the two markets, in which range would the price fall? A)  $5 < P<sub>U </sub>< $9 B)  $5 < P<sub>U </sub>< $10 C)  $9 < P<sub>U </sub>< $10 D)  $7 < P<sub>U </sub>< $10 -(Figure: Monopolist) Refer to the figure. Based on the demand curves for a monopolist's product in two different markets-Market A and Market B-if the monopolist were to charge a uniform price PU between the two markets, in which range would the price fall?


A) $5 < PU < $9
B) $5 < PU < $10
C) $9 < PU < $10
D) $7 < PU < $10

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Arbitrage is ________ in one market and ________ in another market.


A) selling low; buying higher
B) selling high; buying higher
C) buying high; selling lower
D) buying low; selling higher

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Use the following to answer questions: Figure: PPD Use the following to answer questions: Figure: PPD   -(Figure: PPD)  Refer to the figure. Which of the following statements best explains why a firm that perfectly price discriminates would sell additional units beyond c units of output? A)  If the firm can perfectly price discriminate it can charge a price equal to the consumers' willingness to pay, which for all units beyond c is higher than the firm's marginal cost for those units. B)  The firm will continue to increase profits as long as consumers' willingness to pay is greater than zero. C)  A firm will not sell beyond c units of output. The marginal cost is greater than consumers' willingness to pay for these units. D)  A firm will not sell beyond c units of output. The marginal cost is greater than the firm's marginal revenue for these units. -(Figure: PPD) Refer to the figure. Which of the following statements best explains why a firm that perfectly price discriminates would sell additional units beyond c units of output?


A) If the firm can perfectly price discriminate it can charge a price equal to the consumers' willingness to pay, which for all units beyond c is higher than the firm's marginal cost for those units.
B) The firm will continue to increase profits as long as consumers' willingness to pay is greater than zero.
C) A firm will not sell beyond c units of output. The marginal cost is greater than consumers' willingness to pay for these units.
D) A firm will not sell beyond c units of output. The marginal cost is greater than the firm's marginal revenue for these units.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Karl values Word at $100 and Excel at $40, and Adam values Word at $20 and Excel at $90. If the programs are sold separately, what are the profit-maximizing prices?


A) $20 for Word; $40 for Excel
B) $20 for Word; $90 for Excel
C) $100 for Word; $40 for Excel
D) $100 for Word; $90 for Excel

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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A perfectly price-discriminating monopolist charges consumers the average of their maximum willingness to pay.

A) True
B) False

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To maximize profits, the monopolist should set a higher price in a market with ______ demand.


A) more elastic
B) unit elastic
C) more inelastic
D) weaker

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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The textbook for your economics class is available in an American version and in a much cheaper Indian version that has the same text but no colors for the graphs (the difference in prices is much higher than the difference in costs) . Why is this the case?


A) Demand in the United States is much more inelastic than demand in India.
B) Demand in the United States is much more elastic than demand in India.
C) No one in India has any use for color graphs.
D) There are more substitutes for your textbook in the United States.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Under perfect price discrimination, there is never any deadweight loss.

A) True
B) False

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Tying is:


A) the practice of selling complement goods together.
B) a way for firms to lower costs.
C) a type of price discrimination.
D) typically easy to spot.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Bundling and tying are:


A) essentially the same practices.
B) different forms of price discrimination.
C) often done at the same time.
D) considered illegal in many countries.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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How does price discrimination increase social surplus?


A) It distributes deadweight loss over many different groups.
B) It lowers prices for certain groups.
C) It expands the output that a firm would otherwise produce.
D) It doesn't increase social surplus.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Many restaurants offer early bird specials to those individuals who come in before 6 P.M. to eat dinner. Explain why restaurants choose to give discounts to those people who come in early to eat. What types of people would you expect to see at the early bird specials? What kind of demand would you suspect they have for dining out?

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Restaurants choose to offer the early bi...

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Bundling is sometimes a form of price discrimination, but not necessarily always a form of price discrimination.

A) True
B) False

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Bundling is most likely to be beneficial when fixed costs are ______ and marginal costs are ______.


A) high; high
B) high; low
C) low; high
D) low; low

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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For price discrimination to work, the young should ________ than/to the old.


A) be charged less for a product
B) be charged more for a product
C) sometimes be charged more and sometimes charged less
D) be charged a price equal to the marginal cost

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Price discrimination is defined as selling:


A) the same products at the same prices to the same customers.
B) different products at the different prices to the same customers.
C) the same product at different prices to different customers.
D) different products at the same prices to different customers.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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One example of price discrimination occurs in the publishing industry when a publisher initially releases an expensive hardcover edition of a popular novel, and later releases a cheaper paperback edition. Use this example to demonstrate both the benefits as well as the potential pitfalls of a price discrimination pricing strategy.

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The answer should address the three basi...

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If arbitrage becomes extensive, a price-discriminating monopolist selling its patented drug in two markets will:


A) quit selling the product in the market with the inelastic demand.
B) begin to charge the same price in both markets.
C) increase the price in the inelastic market and lower the price in the elastic market.
D) raise the price in both markets.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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