Question 1

Which of the following is incorrect concerning carbohydrate absorption?

Accepted Answer

A)   Monosaccharides can enter the villi.
B)   End products of carbohydrate digestion are transported through the portal vein to the liver.
C)   Maltose is transported through the portal vein to the liver.
D)   Disaccharides are digested to monosaccharides by enzymes that are attached to intestinal cells.E) All of the above
F) None of the above C

Question 2

When insulin is released, it causes

Accepted Answer

A)   the liver to break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood.
B)   muscle and fat cells to take up glucose from the blood.
C)   fat breakdown and release from fat tissue.
D)   the liver to make glycogen from protein.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that Americans consume ________ of their total calories from carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

A)   10% to 25%
B)   25% to 45%
C)   45% to 65%
D)   65% to 75%E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following is true about carbohydrate digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbohydrate digestion is assisted by cooking, which softens tough skins.
B)   Carbohydrate digestion begins in the stomach.
C)   In the small intestine, amylase breaks down fiber to glucose.
D)   Bile is necessary for carbohydrate digestion.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

What is the fate of disaccharides not digested in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)   They pass into the colon and are absorbed.
B)   They pass into the colon and are fermented by bacteria.
C)   They are absorbed and converted to glycogen.
D)   They are absorbed and converted to fat.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 6

The red blood cells and brain are two body tissues that derive most of their energy from

Accepted Answer

A)   fat.
B)   protein.
C)   carbohydrate.
D)   iron.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following breakfast options is the highest in carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Grapefruit half, 2 fried eggs, 3 bacon slices, 1 slice of toast with butter, coffee
B)   English muffin with jelly, 8 ounces orange juice, 2 cups Cream of Wheat with 2 tablespoons sugar, 1 cup whole milk
C)   Coffee, 8 ounces orange juice, 1/2 cup fresh blueberries, 8 ounces nonfat yogurt
D)   1 cup whole milk, 2 ounces sausage, 2 fried eggs, 1 slice of toast with butterE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

What enzyme is responsible for carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)   Salivary amylase
B)   Bicarbonate
C)   Pancreatic proteases
D)   Pancreatic amylaseE) C) and D)
F) B) and C) D

Question 9

For which of the following is glucose most critical as an energy source?

Accepted Answer

A)   Muscles
B)   Brain
C)   Liver
D)   HeartE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

The main function of glucose is to supply ________ for the body.

Accepted Answer

A)   energy
B)   vitamins
C)   structure
D)   hormonesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Selectively fermented ingredients that result in specific changes in the composition or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota and confer benefits upon the host are called

Accepted Answer

A)   probiotics.
B)   FODMAPs.
C)   prebiotics.
D)   gluten.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting intake of

Accepted Answer

A)   added sugars.
B)   gluten.
C)   dietary fiber.
D)   carbohydrates.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The Dietary Guidelines recommend limiting added sugar intake to less than ________ of total calories.

Accepted Answer

A)   10%
B)   15%
C)   20%
D)   25%E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Lactose intolerance is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   a milk allergy.
B)   lactase deficiency.
C)   milk bacteria.
D)   intestinal bacteria.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following hormones is released during stressful times to increase blood glucose levels, making more energy available for use?

Accepted Answer

A)   Insulin
B)   Epinephrine
C)   Glycogen
D)   ProgesteroneE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

The term simple carbohydrates refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   starch.
B)   monosaccharides and disaccharides.
C)   fiber.
D)   polysaccharides.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D) B

Question 17

Research suggests that dietary fiber is an important substrate for the gut microbiota; therefore, dietary fiber alterations may have an immediate and direct impact on gut microbes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The two forms of starch found in food are

Accepted Answer

A)   amylose and amylopectin.
B)   maltose and mannose.
C)   glycogen and glucagon.
D)   soluble and insoluble.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Match the alternative sweeteners with their unique characteristics.
-Saccharin

Accepted Answer

A)  Also known as Nectresse™, this sweetener is an extract of the monk fruit. It is 100 to 250 times sweeter than sucrose.
B)  Also known as Sweet 'N Low®, this is the oldest alternative sweetener that yield no energy. It is 200 to 700 times sweeter than sucrose.
C)  Also known as Sunette®, this sweetener is an organic acid linked to potassium. It is 200 times sweeter than sucrose.
D)  Also known as Truvia® or Sweet Leaf®, this sweetener is derived from a South American plant. It is 200 to 400 times sweeter than sucrose.
E)  Also known as Equal®, this alternative sweetener is composed of 2 amino acids and methanol. It is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose.F) Also known as Spenda®, this sweetener is made by attaching chlorine molecules to sucrose. It is approximately 600 times sweeter than sucrose.G) A) and E)
H) B) and D)

Question 20

The Dietary Guidelines recommend consuming ________ servings of whole grains per day.

Accepted Answer

A)   1 to 2
B)   2 to 3
C)   4 to 6
D)   6 to 11E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 4: Carbohydrates

Which of the following is incorrect concerning carbohydrate absorption?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

When insulin is released, it causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that Americans consume ________ of their total calories from carbohydrates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about carbohydrate digestion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the fate of disaccharides not digested in the small intestine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The red blood cells and brain are two body tissues that derive most of their energy from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following breakfast options is the highest in carbohydrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What enzyme is responsible for carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

For which of the following is glucose most critical as an energy source?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main function of glucose is to supply ________ for the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selectively fermented ingredients that result in specific changes in the composition or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota and confer benefits upon the host are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting intake of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Dietary Guidelines recommend limiting added sugar intake to less than ________ of total calories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lactose intolerance is caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following hormones is released during stressful times to increase blood glucose levels, making more energy available for use?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term simple carbohydrates refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Research suggests that dietary fiber is an important substrate for the gut microbiota; therefore, dietary fiber alterations may have an immediate and direct impact on gut microbes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two forms of starch found in food are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the alternative sweeteners with their unique characteristics. -Saccharin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Dietary Guidelines recommend consuming ________ servings of whole grains per day.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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B

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