Question 1

Which statement about photopic and scotopic vision is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   The photopic system uses only cone receptors.
B)   Rod receptors can be activated by weak light intensity because of their high sensitivity.
C)   The receptive field of cone receptors outside the fovea is small.
D)   There are more rods than cones in the retina.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Which property is not a dimension of color perception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Brightness
B)   Complexity
C)   Hue
D)   SaturationE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The _______ hypothesis proposed that there are separate receptors in the retina sensitive to blue, green, and red.

Accepted Answer

A)   opponent-process
B)   spectrally opponent
C)   dichromatic
D)   trichromaticE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

In the monkey LGN, 70-80% of the cells are spectrally opponent, while very few spectrally opponent cells are found in the cat LGN. This may be the reason that monkeys

Accepted Answer

A)   cannot detect the color of rapidly-moving objects, while cats can.
B)   cannot distinguish black and white as well as cats can.
C)   cannot distinguish bright colors as well as cats can.
D)   can distinguish colors easily, while cats cannot.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Most axons of the retinal ganglion cells terminate in the

Accepted Answer

A)   optic chiasm.
B)   superior colliculus.
C)   lateral geniculate nucleus.
D)   primary visual cortex.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Discuss the two parallel processing pathways in the visual system, and elaborate on the various effects one can experience if one of these streams is impaired.

Accepted Answer

The visual system consists of two parall...

Question 7

Recent research suggests myopia may be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   too much sun.
B)   too much reading and close-up visual activities.
C)   indoor lighting.
D)   genetic influences.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which statement describes the spatial-frequency model?

Accepted Answer

A)   More complex receptive fields are built up from inputs of simpler ones.
B)   Spectrally opponent cortical cells contribute to the perception of color.
C)   The visual system analyzes the number of cycles of light-dark patches in any stimulus.
D)   The tendency of rods and cones to adjust their light sensitivity to match ambient illumination.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Outline how the optic disc relates to the blind spot.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline how the optic disc relates to...

Question 10

Which statement about rod receptors is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   In the dark, rod receptors continually release neurotransmitter onto bipolar cells.
B)   When light hits the photopigment, it triggers a cascade of chemical reactions that hyperpolarize the rod receptor.
C)   Rods are concentrated outside the fovea.
D)   Rods contain a special photopigment called S opsin.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Hubel and Wiesel's theoretical model has been characterized as a _______ model of cortical visual processing.

Accepted Answer

A)   spatial-frequency filter
B)   hierarchical
C)   human-recognition
D)   receptive-fieldE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 12

Identify and describe the cells of the retina and discuss the pattern of their interconnections.

Accepted Answer

The retina is a complex layer of cells l...

Question 13

The ventral stream system of visual processing is said to specialize in processing information about

Accepted Answer

A)   "what."
B)   "how."
C)   "when."
D)   "where."E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

The _______ hypothesis of color perception states there are three different types of cones, and each one is excited by a different part of the spectrum and each has a separate pathway to the brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ hypothesis of color perception states...

Question 15

Explain the spatial-frequency model of visual processing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the spatial-frequency model of visual processing....

Question 16

The phenomenon of adaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the constantly changing sensitivity of photoreceptors to light in order to match illumination levels.
B)   the capacity of many photoreceptor cells to send signals to a single cell.
C)   the sensitization of photoreceptors to light levels that are constant.
D)   increases in the number of rods in response to increased length of time in darkness.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 17

In the retina, when illuminated, cone receptors that connect to an on-center bipolar cell cause _______ in the on-center bipolar cell.

Accepted Answer

A)   a depolarization
B)   a hyperpolarization
C)   an action potential
D)   no changeE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

In _______ cells, two different regions of the light spectrum have opposite effects on firing response.

Accepted Answer

A)   dichromatic
B)   trichromatic
C)   spectrally opponent
D)   ganglionE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Individuals with blindsight

Accepted Answer

A)   are unable to detect trichromatic colors.
B)   have no conscious perception of visual stimuli but are still able to discriminate better than would be predicted by chance alone.
C)   have hallucinations within the region of injury.
D)   perceive objects in space that are not present.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

An on-center/off-surround cell responds most strongly when

Accepted Answer

A)   both its the center and surround are illuminated.
B)   a spot of light illuminates part of its center.
C)   the center of its receptive field is illuminated.
D)   a spot of light illuminates part of its surround.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 8: Vision: From Eye to Brain

Which property is not a dimension of color perception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the two parallel processing pathways in the visual system, and elaborate on the various effects one can experience if one of these streams is impaired.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe visual system consists of two parall...View AnswerShow Answer

Individuals with blindsight

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _______ hypothesis of color perception states there are three different types of cones, and each one is excited by a different part of the spectrum and each has a separate pathway to the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most axons of the retinal ganglion cells terminate in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement describes the spatial-frequency model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about rod receptors is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hubel and Wiesel's theoretical model has been characterized as a _______ model of cortical visual processing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the monkey LGN, 70-80% of the cells are spectrally opponent, while very few spectrally opponent cells are found in the cat LGN. This may be the reason that monkeys

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The phenomenon of adaptation refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ventral stream system of visual processing is said to specialize in processing information about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _______ cells, two different regions of the light spectrum have opposite effects on firing response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about photopic and scotopic vision is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify and describe the cells of the retina and discuss the pattern of their interconnections.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe retina is a complex layer of cells l...View AnswerShow Answer

Recent research suggests myopia may be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Outline how the optic disc relates to the blind spot.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _______ hypothesis proposed that there are separate receptors in the retina sensitive to blue, green, and red.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An on-center/off-surround cell responds most strongly when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the retina, when illuminated, cone receptors that connect to an on-center bipolar cell cause _______ in the on-center bipolar cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the spatial-frequency model of visual processing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The retina is a complex layer of cells l...
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