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A stretch reflex occurs when a muscle is suddenly stretched, causing stimulation of muscle spindles.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following offers the best relief of a muscle cramp?


A) PNF
B) passive stretching
C) ballistic stretching
D) anti-inflammatory drugs

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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The purpose of stretching is to stretch


A) muscles and ligaments.
B) muscles and tendons.
C) ligaments and cartilage.
D) ligaments and tendons.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The hamstring muscles exert a downward pull on the pelvis.

A) True
B) False

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The condition of which of the following does not play a role in low back pain?


A) hamstrings
B) trapezius muscles
C) hip flexors
D) abdominal muscles

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Ballistic stretches are recommended over other types of stretches because of the safety and validity of this method.

A) True
B) False

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Increased joint mobility is a benefit of increased flexibility.

A) True
B) False

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Describe the recommended frequency, intensity, and duration of stretching to improve flexibility.

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The frequency of stretching sh...

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Define a muscle spindle, and explain its importance in muscle function.

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Muscle spindles are special muscle senso...

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Which of the following is altered in a program to increase flexibility?


A) bone composition
B) blood vessels
C) tendons
D) bone length

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The ability to move joints freely through their full range of motion is referred to as


A) recruitment.
B) flexibility.
C) mobilization.
D) loose joints.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Special muscle receptors that sense stretch are referred to as


A) motor units.
B) muscle fascia.
C) ligaments.
D) muscle spindles.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The range of motion of most joints can decline with disuse.

A) True
B) False

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Stretching by slowly lengthening the muscle to a point where further movement is limited and holding that position for a fixed period of time is referred to as


A) ballistic stretching.
B) static stretching.
C) dynamic stretching.
D) proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Discuss the pros and cons of the three types of stretching techniques.

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Static stretches involve stretching a mu...

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Flexion of the hip should be avoided because of the excess pressure caused in the abdominal area.

A) True
B) False

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Cartilage is altered to improve flexibility in a program of regular stretching.

A) True
B) False

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The sit-and-reach test is used to evaluate flexibility in older adults or persons with injuries or disabilities.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following would be a good exercise to improve poor hamstring flexibility?


A) standing toe touch
B) modified hurdler's stretch
C) inside leg stretch
D) curl-up

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Prevention of low back pain is a benefit of increased flexibility.

A) True
B) False

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