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In response to a threatening stimulus, blood pressure increases, pupils dilate, and digestion stops. These responses reflect activation of the _____ nervous system.


A) somatic
B) sympathetic
C) parasympathetic
D) central

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Recently, Forgas (2008) proposed that the relationship between emotion and cognition is complex and bidirectional. This view is _____ with the response of _____ (1980, 1984) to cognitive appraisal theory.


A) consistent; Lazarus
B) consistent; Zajonc
C) inconsistent; Lazarus
D) inconsistent; Zajonc

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Strack, Martin, and Stepper (1988) did studies in which participants held a pen either in their teeth or in their lips. Participants then rated the funniness of cartoons. In this experiment, the funniness ratings were a(n) _____ variable.


A) control
B) dependent
C) experimental
D) independent

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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According to the Cannon-Bard theory:


A) emotions are produced by physiological responses to stimuli.
B) emotions reflect the way situations are interpreted.
C) the thalamus sends sensory signals to both the hypothalamus and the cortex.
D) emotion results from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive labeling.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Critics of the Schachter-Singer theory of emotion contend that it ignores the role of physiological arousal in producing emotion.

A) True
B) False

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