A) attribution theory
B) behavioral reflection theory
C) theory of causality
D) principle of consideration
E) theory of empathetic reinforcement
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Multiple Choice
A) downward communication channel
B) upward communication channel
C) horizontal communication channel
D) formal communication channel
E) informal communication channel
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Multiple Choice
A) Informal communication follows the same channels as formal communication does.
B) Informal communication channels cannot be managed.
C) Information carried through informal communication channels is estimated to be only about 30 percent accurate.
D) The best management strategy for controlling informal communication is to withhold information they wish to keep from employees.
E) None of these statements about informal communication in organizations is true.
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True/False
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Multiple Choice
A) immediate
B) judgmental
C) influenced by situational contexts
D) problem-oriented
E) focused on specific behaviors
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Multiple Choice
A) Downward guidance
B) Coaching
C) Counseling
D) Leading
E) Supportive supervision
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) interpretation
B) retention
C) attention
D) organization
E) action
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Multiple Choice
A) when immediate feedback is needed
B) when messages are complex and ambiguous
C) when messages are emotion laden
D) when messages are straightforward
E) when paralanguage is required
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Multiple Choice
A) empowerment bias
B) error of culpability
C) self-serving bias
D) reactive error of perception
E) proactive error of perception
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Multiple Choice
A) upward
B) dyadic
C) horizontal
D) downward
E) hierarchical
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) extrinsic reinforcers; intrinsic reinforcers
B) external causes; internal causes
C) the fundamental attribution error; the defensive bias
D) the fundamental attribution error; the self-serving bias
E) internal causes; external causes
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Multiple Choice
A) star chain
B) gossip chain
C) cluster chain
D) leader chain
E) linear
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Multiple Choice
A) Most managers retain about 25 percent of what they hear.
B) Listening is a voluntary behavior.
C) Managers with better listening skills are more likely to be promoted.
D) Managers with better listening skills are rated as better managers by their employees.
E) All of these statements about listening are true.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) attention
B) organization
C) interpretation
D) definition
E) retention
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Multiple Choice
A) noise prevented communication
B) negative feedback occurred
C) unreinforced communication resulted
D) the city was guilty of a poor communication conduit
E) selective encoding occurred
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True/False
Correct Answer
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True/False
Correct Answer
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