Question 1

Colcemid is used in the procedure of preparing a chromosome spread for karyotype analysis to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spread the chromosomes out within the cell
B)   Inhibit microtubule formation
C)   Induce cells to enter mitosis
D)   Fix cells to the slide prior to stainingE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

A nucleosome consists of DNA and which of the following combinations of histone proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   2(H1) , 2(H2
A)  , 2(H3) , 2(H4) 
B)   2(H2
A)  , 2(H2
B)  , 2(H3) , 2(H4) 
C)   2(H1) , 2(H2
A)  , 2(H2
B)  , 2(H4) 
D)   2(H2) , 2(H3) , 2(H4) , 2(H5) E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Before its conversion to a microarray technique, CGH was performed by hybridizing labeled DNA to what support?

Accepted Answer

A)   Immobilized PCR products
B)   Normal chromosome spread
C)   Nitrocellulose membrane
D)   Agarose gelE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

What is the designation of a cell with three copies of every chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A)   Euploid
B)   Diploid
C)   Triploid
D)   TetraploidE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

A chromosome that has the centromere in the center of the chromosome is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   Acrocentric
B)   Telocentric
C)   Metacentric
D)   HolocentricE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The short arm of the chromosome is designated as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   o
B)   p
C)   q
D)   rE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Chromosomes are divided into different parts, and locations are denoted by numbers corresponding to the different parts in which of the following orders?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sub-band, band, chromosome, region
B)   Region, band, sub-band, chromosome
C)   Band, chromosome, region, sub-band
D)   Chromosome, region, band, sub-bandE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The karyotype of a normal male is designated by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   46, XX
B)   46, XY
C)   47, XX
D)   47, XYE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following is an advantage of interphase FISH as compared with metaphase FISH?

Accepted Answer

A)   Examination of 20 spreads in interphase FISH has increased sensitivity.
B)   One can identify mutations anywhere in the chromosome in interphase FISH.
C)   Interphase FISH allows identification of all chromosomes.
D)   Results are available faster in interphase FISH procedures than metaphase FISH procedures.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

In a C banding pattern, what part of the chromosome stains?

Accepted Answer

A)   Whole chromosome
B)   Heterochromatin
C)   Euchromatin
D)   CentromereE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Human chromosomes 21 and 22 are described as which of the following with regard to the location of the centromere?

Accepted Answer

A)   Telocentric
B)   Holocentric
C)   Metacentric
D)   AcrocentricE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is involved in connecting the centromere to the spindles during chromosome segregation in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kinetochore
B)   Euchromatin
C)   Histone protein H1
D)   HeterochromatinE) A) and D)
F) B) and D) A

Question 13

Which is the proper order for the four phases of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   G1, S, M, G2
B)   G1, S, G2, M
C)   G2, S, M, G1
D)   M, S, G1, G2E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 14

A change in DNA sequence that is present in at least 1% to 2% of the population is called a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   Phenotype
B)   Polymorphism
C)   Aneuploid
D)   MutationE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Comparative genome hybridization detects which type of genetic abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

A)   Amplifications relative to reference DNA
B)   Absolute gene numbers
C)   Inversions
D)   Amino acid substitutionsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

Down's syndrome is caused when an extra copy of chromosome 21 is created, which is what kind of genetic event?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gene mutation
B)   Chromosome mutation
C)   Genome mutation
D)   EuploidyE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

What are the structures found only at the ends of human chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kinetochores
B)   Telomeres
C)   Centromeres
D)   HistonesE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

A chromosome formed when parts of two or more chromosomes are joined to a third normal chromosome is called a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   Ring chromosome
B)   Isochromosome
C)   Derivative chromosome
D)   Balanced translocationE) All of the above
F) A) and B) C

Question 19

In spectral karyotyping, each of the 23 chromosomes is distinguished by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Size
B)   Degree of staining
C)   Fluorescent color
D)   PositionE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following types of chromatin are open and actively involved in gene expression (transcription) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Heterochromatin
B)   Homochromatin
C)   Euchromatin
D)   InterchromatinE) A) and B)
F) None of the above C

Exam 8: Chromosomal Structure and Chromosomal Mutations

Colcemid is used in the procedure of preparing a chromosome spread for karyotype analysis to do which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nucleosome consists of DNA and which of the following combinations of histone proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Before its conversion to a microarray technique, CGH was performed by hybridizing labeled DNA to what support?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the designation of a cell with three copies of every chromosome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chromosome that has the centromere in the center of the chromosome is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The short arm of the chromosome is designated as which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chromosomes are divided into different parts, and locations are denoted by numbers corresponding to the different parts in which of the following orders?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The karyotype of a normal male is designated by which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an advantage of interphase FISH as compared with metaphase FISH?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a C banding pattern, what part of the chromosome stains?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Human chromosomes 21 and 22 are described as which of the following with regard to the location of the centromere?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is involved in connecting the centromere to the spindles during chromosome segregation in mitosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which is the proper order for the four phases of the cell cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A change in DNA sequence that is present in at least 1% to 2% of the population is called a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comparative genome hybridization detects which type of genetic abnormalities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Down's syndrome is caused when an extra copy of chromosome 21 is created, which is what kind of genetic event?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the structures found only at the ends of human chromosomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chromosome formed when parts of two or more chromosomes are joined to a third normal chromosome is called a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedC

In spectral karyotyping, each of the 23 chromosomes is distinguished by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of chromatin are open and actively involved in gene expression (transcription) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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A

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C

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C