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The Atlantic and Pacific basins have oceanic ridges; the Indian Ocean has no oceanic ridge.

A) True
B) False

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Name two features more likely to be characteristic of active margins.

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trenches a...

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________ and ________ comprise most biogenous sediments.

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CaCO3; SiO2 f...

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On average, the continental shelf is about ________ kilometres wide and ________ metres deep.


A) 20; 50
B) 80; 130
C) 400; 2000
D) 1800; 80

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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________ are steep sided valleys that cut across the continental slope and may extend across the continental rise into the deep ocean basin.

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Seafloor hot springs occur mainly in oceanic, abyssal plains.

A) True
B) False

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A low lying, coral limestone island with a central lagoon is called an ________.

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________ are the regions where basalt is the most abundant substrate exposed on the seabed.

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Why are the East Pacific Rise, the Gorda and Juan de Fuca Ridges all the way at the eastern side of the Pacific Ocean?


A) The spreading in the Pacific is asymmetric and new ocean crust is mainly made on the western side of the ridge system.
B) Half of the Pacific ocean basin has been overridden by or subducted beneath the plates of the Americas, and the Pacific plate is getting smaller.
C) They are a really young tectonic features and have just jumped to start rifting on this side of the Pacific Ocean, which used to rift down it's middle near Hawaii.
D) The geophysicists and oceanographers haven't got a clue and mapped them in the wrong location.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The most predominant characteristics of the mid-ocean ridge system are its elevated position, extensive (extensional)faulting, and numerous volcanic structures.

A) True
B) False

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What sedimentation rates typify the red or brown clays of the abyssal plains?


A) > 5 metres per year
B) 1-5 centimetres per year
C) 1 centimetre per 500 years
D) 1 centimetre per 5,000 to 50,000 years

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Submarine, basaltic lava flows chill quickly to form tube shaped protuberances called ________.

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